Vegans And Calcium

How can I get more calcium in a vegan diet?
I’m not actually a vegan, but I eat a whole food vegan most days of the week. Meat is limited to one serving a week and other animal products no more than 2 servings per week. I do it this way because I still love meat and think it’s natural to eat it, but am concerned about health/environmental/social reasons.
Anyway, I started drinking fortified soy milk to help with getting vitamin B12 and calcium. One glass a day gives me enough B12, but even with this, I am not getting quite enough calcium. I am concerned because I am the poster child for osteoporosis risk factors. (female, caucasian, been thin my whole life and have an aunt who was osteoporosis)
How can I get more calcium from whole foods? Fortified soy milk is not really something I consider a whole food, but I drink it out of necessity to get enough B12.
Also, are there any whole foods that aren’t animal products which contain B12?
Among the things important for bone health besides calcium are physical activity, vitamin D, vitamin C, and not consuming too much caffeine or salt.
Make sure you get a modest amount of sun exposure every day during times of the year when the sun provides adequate UVB radiation at your latitude to help your body produce vitamin D. If not, you should consume foods fortified with vitamin D, or ideally take a supplement of at least 1000 IU in addition to what you’re eating. Doctors often recommend this for everyone– including meat eaters.
For calcium, the American Dietetic Association states, “Low-oxalate greens (eg, bok choy, broccoli, Chinese cabbage, collards,and kale) and fruit juices fortified with calcium citrate malate are good sources of highly bioavailable calcium (50% to 60% and 40% to 50%, respectively), while calcium-set tofu, and cow’s milk have good bioavailability of calcium (about 30% to 35%), and
sesame seeds, almonds, and dried beans have a lower bioavailability (21% to 27%) (39). The bioavailability of calcium from soy milk fortified with
calcium carbonate is equivalent to cow’s milk although limited research has shown that calcium availability is substantially less when tricalcium phosphate is used to fortify the soy beverage (40). Fortified foods such as fruit juices, soy milk, and rice milk, and breakfast cereals can contribute significant amounts of dietary calcium or the vegan (41). Oxalates in some foods, such as spinach and Swiss chard, greatly reduce calcium absorption, making these vegetables a poor source of usable calcium. Foods rich in phytate may also inhibit calcium absorption” http://www.vrg.org/nutrition/2009_ADA_position_paper.pdf
Cooked collards are an especially good source, with 356mg per cup. Broccoli has 178mg per cup. If you eat poorly, you may choose a calcium citrate supplement, but food is always better.
For more information on calcium, vitamin D, and bone health, take a look at what the registered dietitian at Vegan Outreach, Jack Norris has put on their website: http://www.veganhealth.org/articles/bones/
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Vitamin B12 is a product of only microorganisms– not plants or animals. It is absorbed into an animal’s digestive system, which is why it ends up in meat and animal products. We do not get adequate B12 because of treated drinking water, modern agriculture, and hygienic practices like not eating our own feces. Supplements of B12 are products of bacterial fermentation. Either use a small supplement (cyanocobalamin) or eat fortified foods.
vegan parenting forum ; calcium
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